Francisco Franco Essay -- essays research papers

Francisco Franco was a general and dictator pioneer, who represented Spain from 1939 to 1975. He came to control soon after the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. In that war, he drove the radical Nationalist Army to triumph over the Loyalist powers. After the war finished in 1939, Franco held full oversight of Spain. His system was like a Fascist tyranny. He did the elements of head of state, executive, president, and pioneer of the Falange, the main allowed ideological group. He embraced the title of El Caudillo, the pioneer. In the early long periods of his system, he attempted to dispose of all restriction. He later facilitated a few limitations. Francisco Franco Bahamonde was conceived on December 4, 1892, in El Ferrol de Caudillo, Spain. His dad was a maritime official. He educated at the Infantry Academy of Toledo. Subsequent to moving on from the infantry foundation in 1910, he rose quickly in the military, gaining the notoriety for productivity, trustworthiness, and complete proficient commitment. He was named administrator of the Spanish remote army in 1923. Franco turned into a national legend for his job in stifling rebellions in Morocco, and at 33 years old he was made brigadier general. Having controlled a liberals revolt in Austria in 1934, he became armed force head of staff in 1935. In February of 1936 the radical legislature of the Spanish republic banished Franco to a dark order in the Canary Islands. The next July he joined other traditional officials in a rebel against th...

World Ciz Essay Chapter One Free Essays

Horticulture Agriculture was found by a fortuitous event of a disposed of junk which conveyed seeds that later was found of a kind plant which projected starting from the earliest stage rubbish was tossed. The part makes reference to that it was most likely a lady that discarded the rubbish and later found the marvel of the plant that developed from the seed days after the fact. It was from this revelation that later fuel the idea of agribusiness, which in the long run arrived at numerous pieces of the world all through the coming years. We will compose a custom exposition test on World Ciz Essay Chapter One or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now Horticulture developed In size, yet numerous advances from this exchange were found and utilized not exclusively to Improve and Increase the size of developing food from seeds, yet It lead to different roads of building. In any case, In another revelation and advances, there are drawbacks and difficulties experienced. Various clans all through the various nations conquered huge numbers of these difficulties, however there were those that needed to change their approach or migrate. A portion of the significant changes and advances investigated were: the capacity for seeds to replicate into plants and food, which these fields must be gone to all together o look after ripeness, this thus lead to settlements and the idea of claiming property, at that point other new innovations were created to satisfy new needs, for example, stockpiling holders and devices for handling and developing food. All through the world horticulture lead individuals to changeless settlements, while Increasing the yield and making food surpluses. The people group of individuals before long found that they stockpiling, for example, ceramics for putting away food collected, metal laborers who additionally had particular jobs. The advances that lead from the disclosure of agribusiness lead to individuals not going irate and individuals had the option to choose a specific property for a while. Some culture found various frameworks to develop their harvests and fields, which lead to give significant supplements that made better yields. One of these frameworks referenced were the â€Å"three sister†. This revelation permitted three kinds of yields to developed inside a similar field, which the foundations of each plant thusly, delivered supplements for the maize seeds. This sort framework is known to assemble to make a healthfully complete feast. Additionally, with the disclosure of different devices, homes and better helter were made for families to settle and live so as to take care of the fields and reap their harvests. This helped the network in better everyday environments and thusly made what was known as the primary towns. The results of this headway contrarily was that cultivating was not any more secure than tracker gatherer Jobs in addition to had a heavier outstanding burden. Because of the ecological mileage of their bodies, just as their eating regimens were not various they experienced a great deal of ailments which lead to them biting the dust at youthful ages. The constructive results of cultivating would be individuals started to figured out how to take better are of themselves by creating huge measures of food from plants and it was at an agreeable scope of their range. Likewise, the individuals around them create different routes in sustenance and devices with prompted an increasingly evolved society. The test people looked because of horticulture advancement would be sharing the land decently and equitably. Some of the time a rancher would perceive how another rancher can develop more natural product or vegetables or conceivable wheat, and inevitably they would need to remove a portion of that land so they themselves will have the option to develop better food. With the advancement of government set up people had the option to beat this a be increasingly sorted out with what land individuals possessed and furthermore partition it reasonably. Taking everything into account, farming has unquestionably had a significant job in the public eye advancement. Without it who realizes to what extent it would have taken for governments and different rules that are in put today which have made the establishment for things, for example, lawfulness. As referenced, obviously advancement of anything accompanied difficulties which individuals needed to turn out to be progressively differing from their perspective so as to defeat these difficulties. With such decent variety comes both positive and negative outcomes. The most effective method to refer to World Ciz Essay Chapter One, Essays

A current event of chemistry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A recent development of science - Research Paper Example In their examination, the group previously tried to comprehend the premise of chirality and how it happens in nature. As an underlying understanding, ordinary triangles are achiral in nature while human hands are chiral. Two achiral articles or particles can be superimposed on one another. A few biomolecules inside the body exist in one chiral structure and the other structure is absent. In their mission to decide how chiral objects are framed, they utilized achiral particles from which chiral structures are shaped precipitously. They utilized the procedure of lithography to fabricate a large number of achiral particles looking like a triangle. With the assistance of optical microscopy, thick frameworks of such achiral triangular particles were considered which uncovered that few of these achiral particles unexpectedly organized themselves into two-triangle super-structures, every one of which displayed a specific chiral structure. This is noticeable by the particular directions of t he super-structures when seen under microscopy. This revelation lead the group to reason that organic chirality was the consequence of the physical wonders of entropy. This examination has indicated that chiral structures can frame when physical entropic powers follow up on achiral particles which are of uniform nature. These achiral particles immediately structure chiral structures through Brownian development when set on a level surface. While the wonders of entropy are commonly considered to cause disorder of atoms, nonetheless, for this situation the association of particles at a high thickness has brought about an expanded capacity to move in a controlled way. This has made the particles change into an in part requested fluid precious stone which, thusly, comprises of chiral triangular formed super-structures. With this investigation, the group has reasoned that for chirality to precipitously happen, two physical elements, to be specific entropy and the physical

Free Online Public Schools for Arizona Students, K-12

Arizona offers resident students the opportunity to take online public school courses for free. Below is a list of no-cost online schools currently serving elementary and high school students in Arizona. To qualify for the list, schools must meet the following qualifications: classes must be available completely online, they must offer services to state residents, and they must be funded by the government. Arizona Connections Academy Arizona Connections Academy is a tuition-free online public school that gives students throughout the state the flexibility to learn at home with a curriculum that meets rigorous state education standards. The school says its mission is to help each online student maximize his or her potential and meet the highest performance standards through a uniquely individualized virtual learning program. The schools virtual program includes: A K-12 curriculum developed by leading education expertsInstruction from state-certified teachers experienced in online instructionSupport from trained counselors, principals, and administrative staffFree textbooks, curriculum materials, and computer equipment (including a subsidy for Internet service) needed to participate in a dynamic online learning environment Arizona Virtual Academy Arizona Virtual Academy uses  K12 online curricula  to offer Arizona students individualized learning that features: Experienced, state-certified, highly qualified teachers,  who are available online and by phoneCurriculum that covers both the core subject areas and electivesOnline planning and assessment tools, resources, and hands-on materials  ranging from textbooks to microscopes, rocks, and soil to illustrated classic childrens storiesAccess to career-planning resources and counselors  who help identify student goals and paths for success post-high schoolAn active, supportive school community that organizes monthly gatherings where parents, students, and staff share their successes and helpful hints Hope High School Online Hope High School, a fully accredited online program, is sponsored by the Arizona State Board of Charter Schools for students in grades seven 7 through 12. Hope High School Online is proud of our online high school being ranked (in Arizona) in the top four and top five for student achievement among alternative schools for English Language Arts and Math by AzMERIT, the school notes on its website. Students can log in on their own schedules and complete coursework at their own pace. The school offers two diploma options: a standard diploma for students who plan to attend a community college or trade school and a college prep diploma for students who plan to attend a four-year university. The college prep diploma includes higher-level math during the senior year and two years of a foreign language. IQ Academy Arizona The IQ Academy Arizona, a virtual program for sixth-through-12-grade students, allows students to: Set their own scheduleLearn online, wherever they have internet accessTalk to teachers directly whenever they need helpStudy subjects that interest themGo at their own paceA free, school-supplied laptop Additionally, the school offers nearly 90 courses, in such subject areas as a foreign language, technology, and psychology as well as advanced placement courses. The program also includes local and national clubs, face-to-face events, and a national IQ community website to help students make friends. Primavera High School Primavera Virtual High School, which serves more than 20,000 students each year, offers an alternative to traditional high school. The school seeks to provide second chances for students to earn their diplomas with a personalized, rigorous education through its online curriculum taught by highly qualified instructors and guidance counselors. We also host  a robust student life at Primavera to create an atmosphere of collaboration and community, the school notes. With activities like student clubs, school dances and monthly events, Primavera students can easily meet their classmates and make friends. Sequoia Choice: Arizona Distance Learning Sequoia Choice: Arizona Distance Learning, founded in 1998, is a tuition-free Arizona public charter school authorized by the Arizona Department of Education to provide distance learning services to Arizona students in grades K-12.   The school focuses on serving four types of students: Working students: A large majority of older students attend Sequoia Choice while working full or part-time. Students are able to access their courses at any time making school possible while working.Home-bound students: Some students have health or physical challenges which can make attending school difficult. Through distance learning, home-bound students are able to receive a quality education that provides the flexibility and availability they need.Year-round students: Traditional schools are available to students for nine months out of the year. Because the school is year-round, students who need the extra time are granted extra time.Credit recovery students: Students sometimes get behind in their required credits for high school graduation. One option in getting caught up is to take an online course for credit recovery. Sequoia Choice offers both semesters of all core subjects at any time during the year.

The Lottery And The North Carolina Education System

To what extent is the lottery beneficial to the North Carolina education system? What is a lottery? A lottery is used to raise money for the government and for people to win big money prizes. The North Carolina Education Lottery is a government-run organization that funds various education programs and school systems in North Carolina. If one hundred percent of lottery money went to education, it would only cover nineteen percent of the state’s total expenses for schools. The lottery is not beneficial to education in North Carolina if schools struggle to gain instructional supplies, and if the government has to cut spending for school funding levels to barely make it over the national average. In 2013, the North Carolina†¦show more content†¦Charter schools in North Carolina do not receive any funding from the lottery, while public schools do. Teachers complain about how they do not get paid enough. Voters go to the polls and vote for referendums that would hopefully be used for education purposes. Student population is growing, so should the money. Jessica Swencki, spokeswoman for Brunswick County Schools, said â€Å"It does not go very far. Brunswick County got about $800,000 last year which went to reroof one of the aging middle schools. The average price on one of those middle school roofing projects is around $1.2 million, so it really pays for about three-fourths of a roof, if you really think about the check that Brunswick County Schools actually receives.† Swencki also stated, â€Å"†¦Whenever the misperception is out there that these dollars are flowing into the public school system may or may not be using them to their fullest extent.† Teachers are starting to go on more strikes to protest for better pay. Schools never received half of the lottery money. Based on poverty concentration, North Carolina received a ‘B’, which was much better than the ‘Fs’ the state received during the early 2000 s. North Carolina then cut funding for wealthy districts, but continued to fund for the poorer districts. Well, what followed the cut? Teachers went years without seeing a raise in their salaries. The amount of students in a classroom increased. Countless numbers of teacher assistants were cut from

Kant And Aldo Leopold s Ethics Regarding Sustainability...

The ethics of sustainability has become increasingly relevant as more and more countries acknowledge global climate change and the subsequent environmental crisis. Recent evidence strongly suggests that the vast majority of environmental crises, including climate change, are caused and perpetuated by humans. Perhaps the silver lining to the fact that environmental crises are anthropogenic is that we, as a species, have the opportunity to control the problem by changing our behaviors. This paper explores different analyses and applications of Immanuel Kant and Aldo Leopold’s ethics regarding sustainability and personal obligation, and seeks to answer the question: what is the best way to foster a sense of environmental ethics and awareness in humans? I have concluded that perhaps the best way to protect the environment is for each person to take minute steps towards living a sustainable lifestyle. These steps, such as reducing trash or modifying our diets, are not time consumin g or expensive and can be undertaken by anyone. Although these lifestyle changes may seem insignificant, if everyone reduced their trash output or ate less meat, there would be huge changes in our collective output. In order for this method to work, however, each person must first feel a moral responsibility to play his or her part in protecting the environment. In fact, a sense of personal responsibility may be the single most important factor in creating and implementing more sustainable practices.

Risks and Controls in the Implementation of ERP Systems

Question: Write a report on "project management skills". Answer: Discussion In the current age, the various IT companies are involved in the development of customized ERP packages as per the requirement of their clients. Such ERP software includes hospital, hotel, studio, airport, manufacturing, retail and others (Grabski, Leech Lu, 2001). The development of such software are been treated as projects by those companies where a stipulated start and end date is been given. Such projects are assigned to their qualified management professionals whom they consider a good leader. The leadership abilities of those managers denote how the companies will proceed with the project work (Rosemann vom Brocke, 2015). Other projects can be based on the maintenance of a developed software. Whatever the project may be, the project management leadership requires in-depth knowledge of the key software functionalities. It also requires to understand the costs involved from starting to the end of the project. The manager of the software project has to make a proper portfolio analysis of the investments in a project starting from the manpower cost, hardware and networking costs along with costs for making tie ups with any external organization or professionals having a sound knowledge in the subjected domain. An efficient leadership in the project management also includes a proper communication with all the stakeholders associated with it so that the project goes well as per the given standards (Gandomani et al., 2013). The stakeholders involve the client, engineers, directors and the partners. The commitment to achieve the deliverables within the stipulated deadline is a major factor in the project management leadership. A manager who is given a responsibility to implement a manufacturing ERP in a retail company, such as the E-business Suite has to meet the requirement with efficient planning of his manpower and other resources within the given time frame (Salas-Morera et al., 2013). In this due period, he performs all the necessary research work starting from the internal to external environment of his organization. Once the project work gets started, the manager handling it has to make the necessary tracking of the proceedings through the MS project software. Through the mechanism, he can be able to find the exact position of the work in progress along with the current activities of the employees who are been assigned for the task (Hoch Dulebohn, 2013). The costs involved in each phase can also be monitored. From that position, the manager can make a generation of the estimated and the actual cost for the purpose of comparison. On the basis of such comparisons, the managers are able to guide the team towards a successful completion (Cruz, da Silva Capretz, 2015). The leadership in the management of project is expected to be consistent starting from portfolio level, project level and feature level. During the development phase, to be a good leader, the project manager has to be aware of each and every difficulties his team members is facing and he have to sort out feasible solutions to them (Mir Pinnington, 2014). He should check whether those issues are been fixed. As the software project management follows the model of software development life cycle, a built prototype is always been kept in front of the customers or end users for necessary evaluation. The project manager keeps the detailed feedback from them and provides directions for his development team to do the necessary rectifications (Schneider, Torkar Gorschek, 2013). He also guides the team who are involved in testing the software for checking whether the developed software is as per the standard of compliance. Like other project management, scope, schedule and budget are the key influences in the software project management. To be an effective project leader, the manager should have the understandings of the nuances in the dynamic of a team. They actually make a demonstration of the ability for balancing about what should be and what needs to be done for meeting the need of the business (Conforto et al., 2014). They should remain confident in applying various project management techniques to get the optimum output. The software project managers should have a strong passion towards learning of the latest platforms used in the project. Unless they have the sufficient expertise of the relevant tools used, they will not be able to guide their respective professionals in a convenient way. The managers also make a personal commitment towards the success as it enhances the accountability for translating the proactive behaviors (Schneider, Torkar Gorschek, 2013). Willingness for advocating at all the levels through finding out the motivation of the individuals along with empowering the poor stakeholders is also required. To maintain a good leadership in project management, the managers have to take calculated risks to get the benefit of the success. The calculation of the risk maybe trying new technologies or mentoring less talented member. An efficient leader will make an effective delegation through focusing in activities of higher level project management. He should agree in the level of autonomy that is required. The manager should have a goal, which will be more facilitative and less directive for providing the team for self-management (Mir Pinnington, 2014). Such goals include keeping the software project visible within the overall priorities of the organization. The leader should also create a campaign for the projects public relation. He should moreover develop a project team of high performance. The manager should understand the alignment of the project to the business strategy of the software company. He should also reward those people who have a significant amount of contributions for the projects successful completion. Conclusion It has been realized from the following discussions that beyond and above getting the projects done, the leaders are very much flexible for sharing the vision among his team members along with motivating and empowering the other persons. They are also constructive for making a good model of project management in an integrated manner and can make a balance of the requirement through a well-prepared schedule having the larger goals practical view. Review on Leadership for IT Project Management Models of Change The blog on the following topic has been written based on the various type models that are used for IT Project Management to ensure an effective leadership. It has been realized that communication, risk management, negotiation are the primary skills essential to lead a project team. Different models are there to manage a project, which can modified as per the short term creativity and powerful coalition and creation of urgency. The topic has been well prepared through mentioning of all the models and tools required for an effective project management along with the limitations and reflections. It has well stated that constant change in the management process is required for a quality leadership. Review on Strategies for Negotiation The blog on the following topic has been written on the various categories of Negotiations that are required for ensuring the progress of a business process. It can take place in the different departments of an organization. It states that negotiation can be done either in the commercial or in the international level and its the credibility of the negotiator who makes the deal proceedings in his favor. All the aspects of the commercial negotiation has been mentioned here along with the approaches that are required to make a negotiation successful including compromise, yielding and problem solving. The overall process of negotiation has been nicely denoted here. References Conforto, E. C., Salum, F., Amaral, D. C., da Silva, S. L., de Almeida, L. F. M. (2014). Can agile project management be adopted by industries other than software development?.Project Management Journal,45(3), 21-34. Cruz, S., da Silva, F. Q., Capretz, L. F. (2015). Forty years of research on personality in software engineering: A mapping study.Computers in Human Behavior,46, 94-113. Gandomani, T. J., Zulzalil, H., Ghani, A. A. A., Sultan, A. B. M., Nafchi, M. Z. (2013). Obstacles in moving to agile software development methods; at a glance.Journal of Computer Science,9(5), 620. Grabski, S. V., Leech, S. A., Lu, B. (2001). Risks and controls in the implementation of ERP systems.The International Journal of Digital Accounting Research1(1), pp. Hoch, J. E., Dulebohn, J. H. (2013). Shared leadership in enterprise resource planning and human resource management system implementation.Human Resource Management Review,23(1), 114-125. Mir, F. A., Pinnington, A. H. (2014). Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success.International Journal of Project Management,32(2), 202-217. Rosemann, M., vom Brocke, J. (2015). The six core elements of business process management. InHandbook on Business Process Management 1(pp. 105-122). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Salas-Morera, L., Arauzo-Azofra, A., Garca-Hernndez, L., Palomo-Romero, J. M., Hervs-Martnez, C. (2013). PpcProject: An educational tool for software project management.Computers Education,69, 181-188. Schneider, S., Torkar, R., Gorschek, T. (2013). Solutions in global software engineering: A systematic literature review.International Journal of Information Management,33(1), 119-132.

Customer Service Legislation Essay Example

Customer Service Legislation Essay The goods supplied to customers and the customer service provided is influenced by certain factors in UK. The way that the products are sold: Effects on customer service of regulating the nature and standards of products: * Sale of Goods Act, 1979 the product must be sold according to the description and satisfactory quality also fit for purpose. For example at Thorpe Park they cannot advertise the tickets for a certain price and sell it at different price at the gates. We will write a custom essay sample on Customer Service Legislation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Customer Service Legislation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Customer Service Legislation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer * Supply of Goods and Services Act, 1982 services must be at merchantable value and at practical rates. For example if customers book for two tickets and they only have 1 ticket given. * Food Safety Act, 1990 the food must be quality and up to standards. For example at Thorpe park restaurants they cannot sell food which is decayed or has passed its sell by date. Not all of these are linked with Thorpe Park but the Food Safety Act is an important because there are restaurants in the park which supply food to customers at Thorpe Park. Price The price displays are also very important and there is a law for this too. The Prices act 1974 and 1975 is controlling the price displays. They require prices to be indicated on goods or services offered by businesses. It is illegal for Thorpe Park to mislead the customers by displaying wrong pries for entering the park and using the rides. Age restrictions Varies legislations restricts sales on products to children. These products are such as tobacco, alcohol and lottery tickets. This also does not apply to Thorpe Park. The ways that the products are advertised and promoted are also a part of legislation. The Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) is an authority which controls advertising in UK. Advertisements must be legal, decent, honest and truthful, prepared with responsibility of customers and society and in the line with fair competition. The ASA has the power to force a business to remove their advertisement. Thorpe Park must comply with this advertising and promotion law. They need to be honest about their park and rides to show that they care for their customers and they are reliable. There are many laws which control what information a business should provide for their customers on their products. Thorpe Park must comply with these laws. They must provide information about their rides for their customers. For example they must make sure that height restrictions are clearly written where customers can see. Not complying with legislation and implications If a business does not comply with legislation they may need to face some negative effects. The criminal law There is some legislation which is covered by criminal law and if the business breaks the laws they will be a criminal offence and the business is then forced to be: * Prosecuted * Fined * People responsible may be imprisoned Some of the main criminal laws in UK are: * Trade Descriptions Act 1968 an Act of which prevents manufacturers, retailers or service industry providers from misleading consumers as to what they are spending their money on. * Consumer Protection Act 1987 this act affect the producer of the product not the supplier and it allows the person injured to contact authorities about the damage that has been made to them. * Sale and Supply of Goods Act 1994 under this act the customers are expected to be entoleted to the goods which should be satisfactory quality, fit for any particular purpose made known to the seller; and the good is as it was described. These acts also affect Thorpe Park. For example the trade descripcitions act prevents Thorpe Park to promote the attraction by misleading customers by saying that there are rides which cannot be found at the Park. The Consumer Protection Act also affects Thorpe Park because if a customer is injured on rides they have the right to complain about this. The Sale and Supply of Goods Act affects the Park by making sure that they check all rides everyday so they are sure that it does work properly and it is also a health and safety procedure also to make sure they work as a part of the quality and they will have to make sure the rides are as they have been described to the customers. Other negative effects it may have on business are that the products may be seized at the court, the business activity may be restricted, and the image of the business may be damaged. Thorpe Park must comply with legislation because it is a very big business and very popular in UK. They need to make sure that their image is not affected by anything. They need to make sure that their business is running smoothly without any implications. Safe Working Businesses have to operate in a safe environment; they must have policies to ensure the safety and security aspects. For Thorpe Park safety at work is a big issue. The business is responsible for safety of customers, visitors, personnel and security procedures. Safety of Customers Businesses must make sure that their customers are safe and secure. A business must be sure that the products they sell are safe and legislation is there to prevent businesses selling harmful products. Business which provides harmful products may pay fines or other penalties. Machinery is particularly important for safety purposes. The business must be definite that the machinery is fitted and operates and there are no electrical faults. Thorpe Park has various rides and they are responsible for safety of customers by making sure that the rides are functioning properly. They do this by testing the rides on daily basis. Thorpe Park is also responsible of making sure that the staffs are trained so in an emergency they are there to provide help and make sure the customers are secured when on the rides. Safety of Customers and Visitors A business is liable for safety of its customers and visitors. If there is a visitor at the premises they need to be sure that the visitor is safe. Staff also needs to be trained for emergency purposes. Thorpe Park is liable to make sure that their staff is trained. They train their staff for facts such as first aid, evacuation procedures, using the rides and other safety points. Safety of Personnel It is imperative that the staff at a business is safe. If a staff is injured at work they have the right to: * Take time off * Covered by other workers during their absence * Become less motivated * Return and become less productive * Lave altogether * Sue the business and claim compensation The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is the legislation which protects the employees. For a business like Thorpe Park they have a major liability for the safety of their personnel. They must make sure that the working environment is safe and employees are not injured.

Industrialization dbq essays

Industrialization dbq essays In the early 19th century, as industrialization began to take place in America, the lives of American citizens changed drastically. Manufacturing was becoming a greater part of the economy than agriculture, and transportation was changing the ways of life for everyone. By the middle of the 19th century, U.S. manufacturing surpassed agriculture in value, and by the end of the century, it was the worlds leader. For some people, this change was great, but for others, it only led to more hardships. Inventions from the late 18th century provided for the factory systems that were to be used in the early 1800s. The ideas of Samuel Slater, who used British secrets to help develop American industry, contributed to the factory system very greatly. In the 1820s, New England became the countrys leading manufacturing center because of the areas abundant waterpower to operate new machinery, and its good seaports for shipping goods. The decline of New Englands overseas industry made money available for manufacturing. Other northern states such as New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania followed the example made by New England. The factory system quickly began to expand. This expansion led to more jobs for people, more consumer goods, and less imports. In this way, the expansion benefited the colonies. At first, it was hard to find workers for the mills and factories, because factories had to compete with the lure of cheap land in the West. Textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts recruited young farm women and housed them in company dormitories. Many factories looked at the Lowell System as an example, and manufacturers began to employ young children. These girls were fed, housed, and there were even parties thrown for them. Aside from this good treatment, the regulations in Lowell were strict. They were not to be absent from their work without consent of the overseer, and they were engaged to the system for...

European Union Establishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

European Union Establishment - Essay Example Though, the primary task of my paper is to, after conducting the research and deeply studying the EU concepts, answer the question of whether the EU was mainly created due to political or economical reasons. It is rather surprising that the European Union was officially created fourteen years ago, in 1993, because the idea of United Europe was pursued by many thinkers long before the 1990s. The list of historical personalities, who in different ways followed an idea of EU, is remarkable. It starts with Charlemagne, Charles V, Napoleon, and Metternich, and can be continued with such intellectuals and philosophers as Rousseau, Marx, Kant, and Leibniz the remarkable thinkers who proposed the idea of a European Community "as a long-term desirable political objective" (Davies). Furthermore, the first great effort to integrate an imperative section of Eurasia and the lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea was brought up in the times of Roman Empire. It was the time when the idea about "eurocenttrism" and superiority of the European civilization arose for the first time (Davies). For those living in Europe, World War I and World War II meant the beginning of the end of the traditional time-honored European civilization. ... For the majority it was the period of perplexity and uncertainty, the Europeans were simply squeezed between the two growing powers: the USA and the USSR. Though, there was a minority of people who, having survived the wars, drew some important conclusions. At that point of time people realized that the way Europe reacted to wars and actually its capacity to react to military operations depended on its ability to surmount the hostile nationalism that brought about only catastrophes, desolation, and misery (European History Spartacus Educational). For that little group of people it was clear that the time to adopt the ideal of a joint and peaceful Europe as a common project has come (Davies). Nonetheless the fact that there was only a minority of those advocating the creation of joint and peaceful Europe, there were three reasons, or so to say "realities" that evidently showed that the time for new orientation towards the European integration had come. To begin with, the Europeans, even the most nationalistic ones were fully aware of their overall political and economical weaknesses. The world was once and forever changed by the wars, and the eminent and traditional European hegemony was in the past, while the two new superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, were formed possessing a superior economic, political and military strength. Secondly, having learnt the lesson from the two drastic wars, the European countries were fully aware of impossibility and malignancy of repeating the confrontation among European States. The last but not least reason for the establishment of European Union was a desire to create an open, just and more affluent continent in which the international relationships were developed in a frame of harmony, peace, and unity.

To what extent does the internet represent a more democratic medium of Essay

To what extent does the internet represent a more democratic medium of information - Essay Example The concept of democratic media is also in contrast to state-run operations in which the media embodies the value system of the state itself. As such, democratic media can be highlighted by its structure and roles. With regard to structure, democratic media is essentially organized and overseen by ordinary citizens or their grassroots organizations; in terms of functions, democratic media, as a matter of priority, pursue serving the informational, cultural, and other communication needs of members of the public from which the media constitute or represent (Gaur 2006, p.6). Majority of the world media, today, can be regarded as embroiled in a hyper-commercialized agitation. In most countries, fewer than ten transnational media conglomerates control much of the media with almost every aspect of media culture under commercial exploitation right from sports, education, and arts. For some, this trend of concentration of media power and the resultant commercialization of public discourse s pells a disaster. An informed and active citizenry relies on the media in exercising its public service role and popular government need popular information, or ways of attaining it to be considered democratic (Bennett 2007, p.22). The case for media rests on two broad propositions: first, media play critical roles in social, political, economic, and cultural functions within contemporary democracies. In such societies, media can be regarded as the principal source of political information and admittance to public debate, and the platform to an informed, participating, self-governing citizenry (Gaur 2006, p.7). Democracy necessitates a media system that avails the masses with a wide range of opinion and analysis and debate on critical issues, mirrors the diversity of citizens, and fosters public accountability on the premise of powers-that-be and the powers-that-want-be (Bennett 2007, p.24). Second, media structuring, as exemplified by patters of ownership, subsidy, management, and regulations, are a critical determinant of media content. Given the non-competitive nature of media markets, the assertion that the media in contemporary society â€Å"gives people what they want† is unconvincing, to the exception of one media-the internet. Most media firms possess enough market power to dictate the content that can be perceived as most profitable to them (Cohen 2005, p.3). An easy route to this end (profitability) features increasing commercialism facilitated by a large number on ads, enhanced influence by advertisers over the non-advertising content, programming that yields to merchandising, and all forms of cross promotions with non-media forms. For any media to be considered democratic, it must wean itself the negativities associated with media ownership, regulation, management, and subsidy (Hoggart 2004, p.2). As such, the media system must eliminate the enormous power held by selected corporations and advertisers that dictate the media culture. The rece nt success witnessed by the commercial media can be attributed to a number of factors: commercial media operate at all geographical levels as highlighted by the Intra and inter-corporate connections exchange content. Commercial media all collectively and individually lobby to bring strategic influence to bear on

Mechanical Reproduction Essay Example for Free

Mechanical Reproduction Essay Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction by Walter Benjamin can be summed up into two important subjects—reproducibility and the concept of the aura. One of the main ideas of Benjamin Walter’s work is technological advancement in the field of the arts which has changed art itself. Mass reproduction of works of art has made even the replicas works of art by themselves. Consequently, the original has lost its authenticity. The concept of the aura is the next major idea that Benjamin Walter discusses—the aura is the very essence of a work of art, which is lost because of mass reproduction, particularly art that uses film as a medium. As the times change, so to do the perceptions of humans—and thus, contributing to the demise of the aura in art. Art and tradition go hand in hand, but with the advent of modern mediums today, art as business (mass production) has become the main concern. Art has two functions, either as â€Å"cult† magical in function, hidden from view, or as a public spectacle. The difference between film and portraits is that film does not have that aura. The succeeding sections mostly talk about film. One section delves into some theories on film, while another section talks about the actor, citing differences between acting in front of a live audience and acting in front of the camera and how the camera destroys the aura of the acting. Section nine is about how anyone can, or rather, play as works of art because of film. The camera hides real talent and shows only that which the filmmakers want to project. The rest of the discussion is still about film and the differences this new technology has made into our modern perception of art. Work Cited Benjamin, Walter. â€Å"The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction. † Core Concepts for Communication and Web Development. English Department, Bentley College. 02 March 2009 http://web. bentley. edu/empl/c/rcrooks/toolbox/common_knowledge/general_communication/benjamin. html.

Fighting Kerry Keenan :: Film Movies

Fighting Kerry Keenan Theme: This film is loosely based on the story of Lola Bardem, who as a student at Sarah Lawrence college was convicted of killing her lover and roommate, Sara Shield with a compound bow. Lola, an All-American archer, and three time cover-model for Sports Illustrated was the defendant in the case brought against her by the victim's family. The case, which I'm sure we all remember was important for many reasons, not only due to the strange nature of Sara's death, but also for the evidence brought against, and in support of Lola, including issues concerning her upbringing in a low-income neighborhood, her sexual orientation, and her gender. Although Lola's case has been closed for almost five years now, the ramifications of the suit are still being felt. Since then, many of the nations colleges and universities have cut funding for sports that are considered "out-dated" and "dangerous", although many traditional sports like football, ice-hockey, track and field, and sailing still continue to receive a large sum of funding—often being cited as sports that are associated with the identity of the school, and therefore untouchable due to pressure from alums and television networks that broadcast the games nationally. However, and perhaps more importantly, the film will mainly be concerned with the case itself, and the uproar it caused in the media. Protagonists: For our purposes, Lola's name has been changed to Kerry. Although the film is ultimately constructed temporally along the events of Kerry's case, the main protagonist is an 18 year old high school senior named Darby Brennan, who is at the time of the case is being pursued by elite universities to join their basketball team. The news that we as viewers gather about the case is filtered to us through Darby's perspective. Although initially naà ¯ve with respect to the world of competitive women's sports, Darby's experience watching the case ultimately influences her decision about playing sports in college. Other than her testimony, Kerry herself doesn't have much of a main part. Rather, it is the media's portrayal of Kerry's case that occupies much of the narrative, and should lead the viewer to question the portrayal of women in sports. Often scenes in the movie will be filmed to give the viewer the feeling of being the audience of news telecasts. However, in order to emphasize narrative perspective, Darby will often comment on the information we receive, questioning how her own life could possibly be construed by the media, and her own activities misinterpreted in the interest of television ratings.

Mary Rowlandson vs. Mary Jemison’s Essay

Mary Rowlandson was a Puritan women living in Lancaster, Massachusetts with her husband Joseph, and their three children, when the Indians captured them. The Indians killed Rowlandson’s sister and her youngest child. In 1758, fifteen year old Mary Jemison was captured by a Shawnee and French raiding party that attacked her farm. She was adopted and incorporated into the Senecas, she became very close to her Seneca sisters. Mary refused the opportunity to return home, finding life in Indian society more rewarding, then going back to the British colonial culture. These two women had very similar interpretations of the Indians and how they treated them. Mary Rowlandson’s view of the Indians that captured her, is harsher compared to Mrs. Jemison’s. Mrs. Rowlandson saw them burn and destroy homes, knock people on the head, and kill the ones she loved and knew. I can see why she referred to them as â€Å"barbarous creatures†, â€Å"murderous wretches†, â€Å"heathen,† â€Å"ravenous beasts,† and â€Å"hell-hounds†. A women of her stature, who was a puritan and thought of these people to be of the wilderness, was not used to their way of life. She and her children were dragged through the wilderness, trying their best to survive. She began to adapt to the living conditions by finding her own food, making her own clothes, and tolerating the Indians. She relied on God and scriptures to uplift her spirit as she traveled with her capturers; which I believe helped her not only survive, but helped her learn that the Indians are Gods creation too, and should be forgiven just as the Lord has forgiven us of our sins, even if they did do horrible things to her and the people she knew. Mary Jemison on the other hand did not go through such a horrifying experience when the Indians captured her and her family. She heard that there had been conflict in the Indian and French War and there could be no doubt that they might get involved in the turmoil. When she came of age she  married a Delaware man named Sheninjee and had a child with him, whom she called Thomas after her father. Mrs. Jemison stated that they were captured by six Indians and four Frenchman, who immediately commenced plundering and took what they considered most valuable, which consisted of bread, meal, and meat. On that same day as they were marching, she said an Indian went behind us with a whip, with which he frequently lashed the children to make them keep up; we traveled till dark without a mouthful of food or a drop of water. She also states that when the children cried for water at night they were made to drink urine . The Indians took her and a little boy, after they put moccasins on their feet, and led them to another path leaving the others behind. Jemison stated that â€Å"early the next morning the Indians and Frenchmen that we had left the night before, came to us; but our friends were left behind. It is impossible for anyone to form a correct idea of what my feelings were at the sight of those savages , whom I supposed had murdered my parents and brothers, sisters, and friends, and left them in the swamp to be devoured by wild beasts!†(pg. 137). Jemison probably hated them at this moment but who wouldn’t they left her family to be murdered, but while she traveled on this long journey with them she began to watch the customs the natives were used to and did; like getting rid of their tracks left behind them and making sure everything they touched was put back into place so they would not be followed. She recalls that even though she was there prisoner they supplied her with a meal, new Indian clothes, they undressed and dressed her and washed her clean. After the Indians had did these things for her, they relieved there cries and howling at a ceremony for a deceased relative; Mrs. Jemison goes on to say â€Å"in the course of that ceremony, from mourning they became serene—joy sparkled in their countenances, and they seemed to rejoice over me as over a long-lost child. I was made welcome amongst them as a sister to the two squaws mentioned before, and was called Dickewamis; which being interpreted, signifies a pretty girl, a handsome girl, or a pleasant, good thing. That is the name by which I have ever since been called by the Indians. It was my happy lot to be accepted for adoption: and at the time of the ceremony I was received by the two squaws, to supply tile place of their mother in the family; and I was ever considered and treated by them as a real sister, the same as though I had been horn of their mother. During my adoption, I sat motionless,  nearly terrified to death at the appearance and actions of the company, expecting every moment to feel their vengeance, and suffer death on the spot. I was, however, happily disappointed, when at the close of the ceremony the company retired, and my sisters went about employing every means for my consolation and comfort. Being now settled and provided with a home, I was employed in nursing the children, and doing light work about the house. Occasionally I was sent out with the Indian hunters, when they went but a short distance, to help them carry their game. My situation was easy; I had no particular hardships to endure. But still, the recollection of my parents, my brothers and sisters, my home, and my own captivity, destroyed my happiness, and made me constantly solitary, lonesome and gloomy.†(p. 142-143). The Indians took Mrs. Jemison in and made her one of their own, and even though they did this she still feels remorse for her family, but doesn’t have hatred towards them, but learns their ways and becomes accustomed to their lifestyle. In the end she becomes a part of their life and them a part of hers, which she most likely didn’t think would happen. The difference between Mary Rowlandson and Mary Jemison is that Mrs. Rowlandson went through a much more disastrous and awful experience with the Indians, they didn’t show her as much mercy as the Indians did during the Indian and French War. Rowlandson also clings closer and relies on God for hope and comfort compared to Mary Jemison; even though Jemison did pray and try to stay tied to her roots, she eventually ended up conforming to the Indian lifestyle, unlike Mrs. Rowlandson. The time difference between the two women is also a factor that plays a role in how they were treated and how they perceived the Indians. These two women were strong and ended up becoming famous for their captivity novels, which hopefully they are proud of for sharing their history on this matter.

What Is Anti-Semitism Definition and History

Anti-semitism is defined as the prejudice and discrimination against people who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. This hostility can take a number of different forms; among them are cultural, economic, and racial anti-semitism. Anti-semitism may be explicit and violent in nature, or more subtle, such as the numerous, insidious conspiracy theories that have blamed Jews for everything from poisoning wells and killing Jesus, to exerting control of the news media and banking industries. Today, anti-semitism is on the rise globally, with the European Jewish Congress noting that the normalizing of anti-semitism is at its highest levels since World War II. According to a 2018 report from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), hate crimes against Jews in the United States increased by 17 percent in 2017... with  7,175 hate crimes reported, up from 6,121 in 2016. Crimes against Jews in America account for 58 percent of religion-based hate crimes in the country today. Key Terms Anti-semitism: discrimination, hatred, or prejudice against people of Jewish backgroundPogrom: organized attacks on Russian Jewish neighborhoods in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuriesHate Crime: a crime, often violent, motivated by racial or ethnic prejudice and discrimination Origins of Anti-Semitism Anti-semitism has been referred to as the longest hatred, and much of it can be traced back to the first century of Christianity, according to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, which states: Leaders in the European Christian... developed or solidified as doctrine ideas that: all Jews were responsible for the crucifixion of Christ; the destruction of the Temple by the Romans and the scattering of the Jewish people was punishment both for past transgressions and for continued failure to abandon their faith and accept Christianity. However, even earlier than that, around the third century BCE, there was a large Jewish community in Alexandria, Egypt. Here, anti-Jewish laws were passed, violent uprisings took place, and community leaders spoke out against the refusal of Jewish residents to adopt the cultural traditions of their neighbors. Types of Anti-Semitism Religious Scene of anti-Semitism in Russia, 1903, Achille Beltrame (1871-1945). DEA / A. DAGLI ORTI / DeAgostini Picture Library / Getty Religious anti-semitism, which is prejudice against those who follow the Jewish faith, did not originate with Adolf Hitler, although the Holocaust is perhaps the most extreme example. In fact, this type of anti-semitism dates back to ancient times; the Romans and Greeks often persecuted Jews for their attempt to remain culturally separate from their neighbors. During the Middle Ages, European Jews were excluded from obtaining citizenship, and were limited to living in specifically designated neighborhoods, or ghettos. Some countries required Jews to wear a yellow badge, or a special hat called a Judenhut to distinguish themselves from Christian residents. Throughout much of the medieval period, Jews were denied basic civil liberties, including the freedom to practice their religion. One exception to this was Poland; Jews in Poland were allowed political and religious freedom thanks to a decree by Prince BolesÅ‚aw the Pious in 1264. Many Christians still held that that Jews were responsible for Jesus death, and Jews were often subjected to violence, both physical and against their property. This was a time period in which the myth of the blood libel took hold—the rumor that Jews used the blood of Christian infants in rituals. There were also tales that Jews were in service to the Devil, and that they were secretly planning to destroy European Christian society. Some believed Jews were responsible for the plagues that swept through Europe. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, violent riots called pogroms swept through the Russian Empire and much of Eastern Europe. These were typically perpetrated by non-Jewish residents who feared and distrusted their Jewish neighbors; often, local law enforcement and government officials turned a blind eye to the violence, and sometimes even encouraged it. In Germany, Hitler and the Nazi Party used anti-semitism as a rationale to perpetuate violence against Jews. During a period of Aryanization in Germany during the 1930s, Jewish-owned businesses were liquidated, Jewish civil service employees were dismissed from their posts, and doctors and lawyers were forced to stop seeing their clients. The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 declared that Jews were no longer legal citizens of Germany, and thus had no right to vote. In the past few years, there has been an increase in anti-Semitic incidents in Europe and North America. According to a 2018 report from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), hate crimes against Jews in the United States increased by 17 percent in 2017... with  7,175 hate crimes reported, up from 6,121 in 2016. Crimes against Jews in America account for 58 percent of religion-based hate crimes in the country today. Racial and Ethnic Anti-Semitism This form of anti-semitism focuses upon the theory, which is rooted in racist doctrines, that ethnic Jews are inferior to non-Jews. As scientific knowledge evolved in the latter part of the nineteenth centuries, particularly in the fields of genetics and evolution, many politicians, scientists, and intellectuals embraced a racist philosophy rooted in pseudoscience. Specifically, scientific justification for the superiority of whites over other races took hold; this was due in part to the twisting of Darwins theories. The idea of social Darwinism posited that: ...human beings were not one species, but divided into several different races that were biologically driven to struggle against one another for living space to ensure their survival. Only those races with superior qualities could win this eternal struggle which was carried out by force and warfare. During the Industrial Revolution, as Jews became economically and socially mobile, this racial and ethnic anti-semitism replaced religious anti-semitism; in other words, instead of hostility towards the Jewish religion, a hostility towards the Jewish people as a whole appeared. At the same time, while many of the earlier anti-Jewish edicts were being rescinded, there was a growing Nationalist movement which perpetuated, through most of Europe, the superiority of the Aryan people over those who were ethnically Jewish. Economic Anti-Semitism Anti-Jewish propaganda poster, World War II, France, 20th century.   De Agostini Picture Library  / Getty Images A good deal of prejudice against the Jewish people has its roots in economic matters. Early Christianity forbade moneylending for interest; Jews, not bound by the tenets of the Christian Bible, became prominent in the practice of moneylending and banking. As Jews prospered financially, the resulting economic resentment led to their expulsion from several European countries in the Middle Ages. In addition, although there are theories that Jews were forbidden to practice certain skilled trades, there is evidence that instead, they were prohibited from joining craft and merchant guilds. Because the Jewish religion required every man to read and to study the Torah in Hebrew ... [and] to send his sons ... to primary school or synagogue to learn to do the same, there was an upsurge in literacy, during a time in which few people could read or write. This in turn drove many Jews to leave agricultural occupations and move into cities where they could practice business that traditionally paid more than the average farmer earned. Jewish families became a population of shopkeepers, scholars, physicians, and bankers.   The stereotype of the money-hungry Jew led to a collection of economic rumors about the Jewish people—for instance, the allegations that they are all wealthy, stingy, and deceptive. Still today, myths persist that powerful Jews (George Soros is a prime example) control the business world. Abraham Foxman says in Jews and Money: The Story of a Stereotype, that another canard found in economic anti-semitism is the idea that Jews regularly cheat non-Jews in order to gain control of banks and the money supply. Many scholars say that economic anti-semitism is a by-product of religious anti-semitism; without the latter, the former would not exist. Conspiracy Theories About Jews Over the centuries, conspiracy theories with anti-semitic themes have proven resilient. In addition to the early rumors that Jews were in league with the Devil and were directly to blame for the death of Christ, during the Middle Ages there were allegations that Jews poisoned wells, killed Christian infants, and regularly stole communion wafers from churches in order to desecrate them. One of the most damaging conspiracy theories today is that the Jews made up the Holocaust. Those who perpetuate Holocaust denial theories claim that the Third Reich simply removed Jews from Germany via deportation, that gas chambers and concentration camps never existed, or that the number of Jews exterminated was far lower than the millions which primary source documents have accounted for. In Erasing the Holocaust, author Walter Reich says: The primary motivation for most deniers is anti-Semitism, and for them the Holocaust is an infuriatingly inconvenient fact of history... What better way... to make the world safe again for anti-Semitism than by denying the Holocaust? There is a conspiracy theory found among white supremacist organizations known as the Kosher Tax. This concept holds that food manufacturers are required to pay high fees to display a symbol indicating that their goods meet Kosher standards, and that these exorbitant amounts are passed on to non-Jewish consumers. Another conspiracy theory, which originates with Martin Luther, claims that Jews are actively trying to destroy Christianity. In On the Jews and Their Lies, which Luther wrote in the sixteenth century, he encourages Protestants to burn down synagogues and Jewish homes, and to forbid rabbis the right to preach in temples. Other anti-semitic conspiracy theories include that Jews were responsible for the September 11, 2001 attacks, as part of a Jewish plot for world domination, and that Jewish doctors from Israel illegally harvested organs from victims of the 2010 earthquake in Haiti. The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) has repeatedly fought against these and other claims. Anti-Semitism Today Berlin Jewish Community Gathering To Protest Against Anti-Semitism. Carsten Koall / Getty Images Violent, anti-semitic actions have increased globally in recent years. Susanne Urban writes in Anti-Semitism In Germany Today:  Its Roots And Tendencies: The new millennium has witnessed a resurgence of anti-Semitism in the world, especially in Europe. Anti-Semitism certainly did not disappear in Germany after WW II. What is new is the blunt expression of anti-Semitism and the fraternization between left-wing and right-wing, liberal and conservative streams. Many scholars believe that anti-semitism has moved towards the mainstream, in part due to social media. Anti-semitic messages and symbols are rampant on social media platforms, as are hate groups, and critics feel that social media companies have been less than responsive in blocking and disabling accounts that perpetuate anti-Jewish sentiments. Neo-Nazi and alt-right groups have targeted college campuses in particular, in hopes of recruiting new members to their ideologies. Increasingly, pressure comes from the right and the left, as right-wing nationalists consider Jews to be foreign invaders bent upon the destruction of democracy, while radical members of anti-Zionist left groups see an advantage in destroying the ideal of a Jewish state. In the United States, hard-right fringe groups perceive Jews as un-American, because they believe true Americans are white and Christian; this blood and soil nationalism automatically excludes Jews by its very definition. All of these factors have led to a resurgence in anti-semitic crimes and activities. Ginia Bellafante of the New York Times says that New York City, once considered a safe place to live as a Jew, is no longer that way. Bellafante says that according to the NYPD, anti-semitic attacks constituted more than half of the hate crimes in New York in 2018. She adds that as anti-Semitism becomes mainstream, it will be viewed as a less than serious issue in New York. In response to escalating anti-semitic incidents, the OSCE (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe) released an 89-page report addressing hate crimes and the safety concerns and needs of the global Jewish community. This analysis of crimes against Jews was written as a way of bringing awareness to governments in regards to how and why anti-semitism is damaging not only to Jews, but to the community as a whole, pointing out that, Every anti-Semitic incident sends a message of hate and exclusion to Jewish people and communities... Martin Niemà ¶ller First they came for the socialists, and I did not speak out—because I was not a socialist.Then they came for the trade unionists, and I did not speak out—because I was not a trade unionist.Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out—because I was not a Jew.Then they came for me—and there was no one left to speak for me. As the OSCE notes, it is not only Jews who have to worry about anti-Semitic hate crimes, but all of us who strive to live together in a contemporary, peaceful, and tolerant society. Sources Editors, History.com. â€Å"Anti-Semitism.†Ã‚  History.com, AE Television Networks, 1 Mar. 2018, www.history.com/topics/holocaust/anti-semitism.Reich, Walter. â€Å"Erasing the Holocaust.†Ã‚  The New York Times, The New York Times, 11 July 1993, www.nytimes.com/1993/07/11/books/erasing-the-holocaust.html.â€Å"Understanding Anti-Semitic Hate Crimes and Addressing the Security Needs of Jewish Communities: A Practical Guide.†Ã‚  History | OSCE, www.osce.org/odihr/317166.United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Anti-Semitism in History, encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/antisemitism-in-history-from-the-early-church-to-1400.